When most people smell oregano, they think of one thing -- pizza. The flavor and fragrance of this popular herb is inextricably associated with its use in flavoring tomato dishes, primarily of Italian cuisine. But while it adds a unique taste to Italian dishes, oregano has even greater value as a healing herb. Its medicinal qualities stem from the rich array of aromatic compounds in the essential oil.

Studies on the biological activity of oregano show a wide range of antibacterial, antifungicidal, antiviral and antioxidant properties for the essential oil and extracts. In recent years, oregano has moved from fame as a culinary herb into increasing popularity as a dietary supplement, sparked by interest in the essential oil through aromatherapy. Let's take a closer look at this fascinating plant -- or more precisely -- plant category that goes by the name oregano, especially common oregano (Origanum vulgare).

FROM TRADITIONAL TO TODAY

For centuries, oregano has been used as a folk medicine for everything from respiratory ailments to gastrointestinal complaints, from headaches to colds. Various pharmacological studies suggest that oregano and its essential oil are antibacterial, antifungal, expectorant, spasmolytic and diuretic in effect.

A series of recent studies by Harry G. Preuss, M.D. and colleagues at the Georgetown University Medical Center have shed light on future potential of oregano oil. His findings were presented at the American College of Nutrition's annual meeting in Odando, Fla., in October, 2001. A test-tube study and follow-up using 18 mice separated into three different groups found that oregano oil had significant antibacterial activity against staphylococcus bacteria. And the oregano oil, in test tubes at relatively low doses, inhibited staph growth as effectively as standard antibiotics.